H-Shares

Chinese companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, available to foreign investors.

Haas School of Business

UC Berkeley’s business school, known for finance and entrepreneurship programs.

Habendum Clause

A contract clause defining property rights or lease terms, common in real estate or oil/gas.

Hacktivism

Hacking for social or political causes, potentially disrupting financial systems.

Haggle

Negotiating prices or terms, often in financial or real estate deals.

Haircut

A reduction in an asset’s value, like collateral in loans or distressed securities.

Half Stock

A stock with a par value half of standard, rare in modern markets.

Half-Year Convention For Depreciation

IRS rule assuming assets are acquired mid-year for depreciation calculations.

Halloween Massacre

Canada’s 2006 tax policy taxing income trusts, impacting investment markets.

Halloween Strategy

Investing in stocks from November to April, expecting seasonal outperformance.

Halo Effect

A positive bias toward a company due to its reputation, affecting investor perception.

Hamada Equation

A formula adjusting beta for financial leverage, used in CAPM for risk assessment.

Hammer Candlestick

A bullish reversal pattern with a small body and long lower wick, signaling buying pressure.

Hammer Clause

An insurance clause limiting insurer liability if the insured rejects a settlement offer.

Hammering

Aggressive selling driving down a stock’s price, often in bearish markets.

Hamptons Effect

Seasonal stock market weakness in late summer, attributed to reduced trading in affluent areas.

Handelsgesetzbuch (HGB)

German commercial code governing accounting and financial reporting standards.

Handle

The whole number part of a stock or forex quote, e.g., 100 in $100.50.

Hands-Off Investor

An investor delegating decisions to advisors, avoiding active management.

Hang Seng Index (HSI)

Hong Kong’s benchmark stock index, tracking major companies like Tencent.

Hanging Man Candlestick

A bearish reversal pattern with a small body and long lower wick after an uptrend.

Happiness Economics

Studying well-being’s economic impact, influencing financial policy or consumer behavior.

Hara-Kiri Swap

A risky interest rate swap with potential for significant losses, rare in practice.

Harami Cross

A candlestick pattern signaling a trend reversal, with a doji inside a larger candle.

Hard Asset

Tangible assets like real estate or commodities, valued for physical worth.

Hard Call Protection

A bond feature preventing early redemption, ensuring investor income.

Hard Currency

Stable, widely accepted currencies like USD or EUR, used globally.

Hard Dollars

Direct cash payments for services, unlike soft dollars (non-cash benefits).

Hard Fork (Blockchain)

A blockchain protocol change creating a new chain, like Bitcoin Cash from Bitcoin.

Hard Inquiry

A credit check impacting credit scores, triggered by loan or card applications.

Hard Landing

A sharp economic downturn after growth, often causing financial market declines.

Hard Loan

A loan with strict terms or high risk, often from private lenders.

Hard Money

Currency backed by physical assets like gold, or high-risk private loans.

Hard Money Loan

A short-term, asset-backed loan with high interest, often for real estate.

Hard Sell

Aggressive sales tactics to push financial products or investments.

Hard Skills

Technical abilities, like financial modeling, critical for finance roles.

Hard Stop

A fixed price order to sell/buy, automatically triggered to limit losses.

Hard-To-Borrow List

Stocks difficult to borrow for short selling, due to low supply or restrictions.

Hardening

Rising insurance premiums or stricter terms due to increased market risks.

Hardship Exemption

Relief from financial obligations, like taxes or penalties, due to financial distress.

Hardship Withdrawal

Early withdrawal from retirement accounts for urgent needs, often penalized.

Harmless Warrant

A warrant not diluting existing shareholders, often with fixed terms.

Harmonic Mean

An average emphasizing smaller values, used in financial ratios like P/E.

Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP)

EU’s inflation measure, tracking consumer goods and services prices.

Harmonized Sales Tax (HST)

A combined federal/provincial sales tax in Canada, like GST.

Harry Markowitz

Economist who developed Modern Portfolio Theory, emphasizing diversification.

Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976

U.S. law requiring pre-merger notifications to prevent anti-competitive deals.

Harvard Business School

Elite business school, influential in finance and management education.

Harvard MBA Indicator

A contrarian signal suggesting market peaks when many Harvard MBAs enter finance.

Harvest Strategy

Maximizing short-term profits by cutting costs, often before divestiture.

Hash

A cryptographic function securing blockchain transactions, like in Bitcoin mining.

Hashed Timelock Contract

A blockchain contract requiring a hash and time limit for secure transactions.

Hashgraph Consensus Mechanism

A distributed ledger technology using gossip protocol, faster than blockchain.

Hawala

An informal money transfer system based on trust, common in Middle East/Asia.

Hawk

A policymaker favoring high interest rates to control inflation, contrasting doves.

Hawthorne Effect

Improved performance due to observation, relevant in financial workplace studies.

Hazard Insurance

Coverage for property damage from specific risks, like fire or storms.

Hazard Rate

The probability of an event (e.g., default) occurring over time, used in risk models.

Hazardous Activity

High-risk activities, like skydiving, impacting insurance premiums or coverage.

Head and Shoulders Pattern

A chart pattern signaling a trend reversal, with three peaks (head, two shoulders).

Head-Fake Trade

A misleading price move, tricking traders before reversing direction.

Head of Household

A U.S. tax filing status for unmarried individuals supporting dependents, offering benefits.

Head Trader

A senior trader overseeing trading operations or strategies in a firm.

Headhunter

A recruiter for high-level financial or executive roles, often paid per hire.

Headline Earnings

Core earnings excluding one-time items, used to assess ongoing performance.

Headline Effect

Market reactions to news headlines, often causing short-term volatility.

Headline Inflation

Inflation based on total CPI, including volatile items like food and energy.

Headline Risk

Potential negative impact of adverse news on a company’s stock or reputation.

Heads of Agreement

A non-binding document outlining key terms before a formal contract.

Health Insurance

Coverage for medical expenses, critical for financial planning and employee benefits.

Health Insurance Marketplace

U.S. platform for buying health insurance, created under the ACA.

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

U.S. law protecting health data privacy and insurance portability.

Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)

Insurance plans with a network of providers, emphasizing preventive care.

Health Plan Categories

ACA tiers (Bronze, Silver, Gold, Platinum) based on cost-sharing levels.

Health Reimbursement Arrangement (HRA)

Employer-funded plan reimbursing employees for medical expenses, tax-free.

Health Savings Account (HSA)

Tax-advantaged account for medical expenses, paired with high-deductible plans.

Healthcare Power of Attorney (HCPA)

A legal document appointing someone to make healthcare decisions, impacting finances.

Healthcare Sector

Companies in medical services, pharmaceuticals, or equipment, key for investment.

Heating Degree Day (HDD)

A measure of heating demand, used in energy markets and futures.

Heath-Jarrow-Morton Model

A model pricing interest rate derivatives based on forward rate dynamics.

Heatmap

A visual tool showing financial data intensity, like stock performance or trading volume.

Heavy Industry

Capital-intensive industries like steel or mining, impacting economic cycles.

Heckscher-Ohlin Model

Trade theory where countries export goods using abundant production factors.

Hedge

An investment reducing risk, like using derivatives to offset losses.

Hedge Accounting

Accounting aligning hedged items and hedges to reduce earnings volatility.

Hedge Clause

A disclaimer limiting liability for investment advice, common in disclosures.

Hedge Fund

A pooled investment vehicle using complex strategies, often for high-net-worth investors.

Hedge Fund Manager

A professional managing hedge fund investments and strategies.

Hedge Ratio

The proportion of a position hedged, balancing risk and exposure.

Tender in Finance

An offer to buy securities, often in takeovers or buybacks.

Hedging Transaction

A trade to reduce risk, like buying puts to protect stock holdings.

Hedonic Pricing

Valuing goods based on characteristics, like location in real estate.

Hedonic Regression Method

A statistical method estimating asset value based on attributes, like housing features.

Hedonic Treadmill

The idea that happiness remains constant despite financial gains, affecting consumer behavior.

Heikin-Ashi Technique

A candlestick method smoothing price data to identify trends, used in trading.

Heir

A person entitled to inherit assets, impacting estate planning and taxes.

Held by Production Clause

An oil/gas lease clause extending the lease as long as production continues.

Held-For-Trading Security

Securities held for short-term trading, valued at fair market value.

Held Order

A trading order not immediately executable, held until conditions are met.

Held-to-Maturity (HTM)

Debt securities intended to be held until maturity, valued at amortized cost.

Helicopter Drop (Helicopter Money)

Central bank injecting money into the economy, like direct payments, to spur growth.

Hell or High Water Contract

A contract requiring performance regardless of circumstances, common in acquisitions.

Help-Wanted Index (HWI)

A measure of job openings, indicating labor market strength, now less common.

Henry B. Tippie College Of Business

University of Iowa’s business school, offering finance and management programs.

Henry Hub

A U.S. natural gas pricing benchmark, used in futures contracts.

Herbert A. Simon

Economist known for bounded rationality, impacting financial decision-making theories.

Herd Instinct

Investors following the crowd, often causing market bubbles or crashes.

Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI)

A measure of market concentration, used in antitrust analysis.

Heritage and Stabilization Fund (HSF)

Trinidad and Tobago’s sovereign wealth fund, stabilizing oil-based revenue.

Heroes Earned Retirement Opportunities Act (HERO)

U.S. law allowing military combat pay to count toward IRA contributions.

Herrick Payoff Index

A technical indicator using volume and open interest to predict futures trends.

Hersey-Blanchard Model

A leadership theory, relevant to financial management and team dynamics.

Heston Model

A stochastic volatility model for pricing options, accounting for volatility changes.

Heterodox Economics

Non-mainstream economic theories, like Marxist or behavioral economics.

Heteroskedastic

Data with varying variance, impacting financial modeling and risk analysis.

Heteroskedasticity

Non-constant variance in regression residuals, affecting statistical reliability.

Heuristics

Simplified decision-making rules, like rules of thumb in investing.

Hiccup

A minor, temporary market or economic disruption, quickly corrected.

Hidden Taxes

Indirect taxes, like corporate taxes, passed to consumers via higher prices.

Hidden Values

Undervalued or unrecognized assets on a company’s balance sheet.

Hierarchical Deterministic Wallet (HD Wallet)

A crypto wallet generating multiple keys from one seed, enhancing security.

Hierarchy-of-Effects Theory

A marketing model outlining consumer purchase stages, used in financial advertising.

Hierarchy of GAAP

The order of authority for U.S. accounting standards, guiding financial reporting.

High Beta Index

An index of high-beta stocks, more volatile than the market.

High Close

A stock closing at its highest price in a trading session, signaling strength.

High Earners, Not Rich Yet (HENRYs)

Affluent individuals with high income but not yet wealthy, key market segment.

High-Deductible Health Plan (HDHP)

Insurance with lower premiums but higher deductibles, often paired with HSAs.

High-Frequency Trading (HFT)

Automated trading using algorithms for rapid, large-volume trades.

High-Low Index

A technical indicator tracking stocks hitting 52-week highs vs. lows.

High-Low Method

A cost accounting method estimating fixed and variable costs from data extremes.

High Minus Low (HML)

A factor in the Fama-French model, capturing value stock outperformance.

High-Net-Worth Individuals (HNWI)

Individuals with significant investable assets, often over $1 million.

High-Ratio Loan

A mortgage with a high loan-to-value ratio, often requiring insurance.

High-Speed Data Feed

Real-time market data for trading or analysis, critical for HFT.

High Street Bank

A major retail bank, like HSBC, offering consumer banking services.

High-Water Mark

The highest value a fund reaches, used to calculate performance fees.

High-Yield Bond

A bond with a low credit rating, offering higher interest to offset risk.

High-Yield Bond Spread

The yield difference between high-yield and risk-free bonds, reflecting risk premium.

High-Yield Investment Program (HYIP)

High-risk, often fraudulent schemes promising high returns, like Ponzi schemes.

Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA)

U.S. law funding student aid and loans, impacting education finance.

Highest In, First Out (HIFO)

An inventory or tax method selling highest-cost assets first to minimize gains.

Highly Compensated Employee

Employees with high salaries, subject to specific retirement plan rules.

Highly Leveraged Transaction (HLT)

A loan or deal with significant debt, increasing financial risk.

Hikkake Pattern

A technical pattern signaling false breakouts, used in trading strategies.

Hindenburg Omen

A technical signal predicting market crashes based on multiple indicators.

Hindsight Bias

Believing past events were predictable, skewing financial decision analysis.

HIPAA Waiver of Authorization

A document allowing limited health data sharing without full HIPAA consent.

Hire Purchase Agreement

A contract for buying assets via installments, retaining seller ownership until paid.

Hiring Freeze

A temporary halt in hiring to control costs, impacting financial planning.

Histogram

A graphical representation of data distribution, used in financial analysis.

Historic Pricing

Valuing assets based on historical costs, not current market value.

Historic Structure

A property with historical significance, often eligible for tax credits.

Historical Cost

The original cost of an asset, used in accounting for valuation.

Historical Returns

Past investment performance, used to estimate future returns or risk.

Historical Volatility (HV)

Past price fluctuations of an asset, used to assess risk or option pricing.

Hit the Bid

Selling a security at the highest bid price offered by a buyer.

HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)

UK agency handling taxes and customs, impacting financial compliance.

Hoarding

Accumulating assets or cash, often reducing market liquidity or circulation.

Hobby Loss

Losses from activities (e.g., side businesses) not pursued for profit, non-deductible.

Hockey Stick Chart

A graph showing slow initial growth followed by a sharp rise, like startup revenue.

HODL

Crypto slang for holding assets long-term, despite market volatility.

Hodrick-Prescott (HP) Filter

A statistical tool separating economic trends from cyclical fluctuations.

Holacracy

A decentralized management system, impacting financial firm organization.

Hold

An analyst recommendation to maintain an investment position, neither buy nor sell.

Hold Harmless Clause

A contract provision protecting a party from liability for certain risks.

Holdco

A holding company owning subsidiaries, used for control or tax benefits.

Holder of Record

The registered owner of a security, entitled to dividends or voting rights.

Holding Company

A firm owning other companies’ shares, controlling operations without direct management.

Holding Company Depository Receipt (HOLDR)

A basket of stocks held as a single security, now largely obsolete.

Holding Costs

Expenses (e.g., storage, interest) for holding assets like inventory or property.

Holding Period

The time an investment is held, impacting taxes or returns.

Holding Period Return (Yield)

Total return from an investment over its holding period, including income and appreciation.

Holding the Market

Buying enough shares to stabilize a stock’s price, often by insiders.

Holdings

Assets (e.g., stocks, bonds) in a portfolio or fund.

Holdover Tenant

A tenant staying beyond a lease term, affecting property income.

Holdovers

Items or obligations carried forward, like unpaid dividends or contracts.

Hole-In-One Insurance

Coverage for prizes in golf contests, relevant for event-based financial risks.

Hollowing Out

Decline of middle-class jobs or industries, impacting economic stability.

Hollywood Stock Exchange (HSX)

A virtual market for trading movie stock derivatives, for entertainment or analysis.

Holographic Will

A handwritten will, valid in some jurisdictions, impacting estate planning.

Home

A primary residence, a key asset in personal finance or real estate.

Home Affordable Modification Program (HAMP)

A 2009-2016 U.S. program modifying mortgages to prevent foreclosures.

Home Affordable Refinance Program (HARP)

A 2009-2018 U.S. program for refinancing underwater mortgages.

Home Banking

Managing finances via online or mobile banking platforms.

Home Bias

Investors favoring domestic assets, reducing global diversification.

Home Buyers' Plan (HBP)

Canadian program allowing RRSP withdrawals for first-time home purchases.

Home Country Bias

Over-investing in one’s home country, limiting portfolio diversification.

Home Equity

The value of a home minus mortgage debt, a key financial asset.

Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM)

A reverse mortgage insured by the FHA, for seniors to access home equity.

Home-Equity Loan

A loan using home equity as collateral, often with fixed rates.

Home Inspection

An assessment of a property’s condition, critical for real estate financing.

Home Market Effect

Countries specializing in goods with strong domestic demand, per trade theory.

Home Modification

Altering a home for accessibility or value, often financed via loans.

Home Mortgage

A loan to purchase a home, secured by the property.

Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA)

U.S. law requiring mortgage data reporting to monitor fair lending.

Home Mortgage Interest Deduction

A U.S. tax deduction for mortgage interest, encouraging homeownership.

Home Office

A workspace in a residence, with deductible expenses for business use.

Home Office Expense

Tax-deductible costs for a home office, like utilities or rent, for business use.

Home Warranty

A contract covering home repair costs, reducing financial risk for owners.

Homemade Dividends

Selling shares to create cash flow, mimicking dividend payments.

Homemade Leverage

Individuals adjusting personal debt to replicate corporate leverage effects.

Homeowners Association (HOA)

A group managing community rules and fees, impacting property costs.

Homeowners Association Fee (HOA Fee)

Periodic fees for HOA services, like maintenance, affecting homeownership costs.

Homeowners Insurance

Coverage for home damage or liability, required by mortgage lenders.

Homeowners Protection Act

U.S. law requiring automatic PMI cancellation when home equity reaches 22%.

Homestead Exemption

A tax break reducing property taxes for primary residences, varying by state.

Homo Economicus

A theoretical rational person making optimal financial decisions.

Homogeneous Expectations

Assumption that all investors share identical expectations, used in CAPM.

Homoskedastic

Data with constant variance, simplifying financial modeling and analysis.

Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited (HKEx)

Operator of Hong Kong’s stock and futures exchanges, a major financial hub.

Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate (HIBOR)

A benchmark rate for interbank lending in Hong Kong.

Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA)

Hong Kong’s central banking authority, managing currency and stability.

Hong Kong Monetary Authority Investment Portfolio (HKMA)

HKMA’s fund managing foreign reserves and investments.

Hong Kong SAR, China

Special Administrative Region with a distinct financial system, pegged to USD.

Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKG) .HK

A major exchange for H-shares and other securities, globally influential.

Honorarium

A voluntary payment for services, like speaking, not legally required.

Hook Reversal

A candlestick pattern signaling a trend reversal, used in technical trading.

Hope Credit

A former U.S. tax credit for education expenses, replaced by the American Opportunity Credit.

Hope Now Alliance

A U.S. initiative to prevent foreclosures via mortgage modifications.

Horizon Analysis

Evaluating investments over a specific time frame, considering risks and returns.

Horizontal Acquisition

Acquiring a competitor at the same industry level to gain market share.

Horizontal Analysis

Comparing financial statements over time to identify trends or changes.

Horizontal Channel

A price range where a security trades sideways, indicating market indecision.

Horizontal Equity

Tax principle treating similar income or wealth levels equally.

Horizontal Integration

Expanding by acquiring or merging with competitors, increasing market control.

Horizontal Line

A technical analysis tool marking constant price levels, like support or resistance.

Horizontal Market

A market serving multiple industries, like financial software providers.

Horizontal Merger

A merger between competitors, aiming to increase market share or efficiency.

Horizontal Spread

An options strategy using different strike prices or expirations for the same underlying.

Horizontal Well

A drilling technique maximizing resource extraction, relevant to energy investments.

Hospital Insurance Trust Fund

U.S. Medicare fund for hospital care, financed by payroll taxes.

Hospital Revenue

Income from healthcare services, critical for hospital bond valuations.

Hostile Bid

An unsolicited offer to acquire a company, often against management’s wishes.

Hostile Takeover

Acquiring a company against its management’s will, often via stock purchases.

Hostile Takeover Bid

A public offer to buy shares to gain control without target company approval.

Hot Hand

The mistaken belief that a winning streak predicts future investment success.

Hot Issue

A newly issued stock with high demand, often trading above its IPO price.

Hot IPO

An initial public offering generating strong investor interest and oversubscription.

Hot Money

Short-term capital moving quickly between markets, seeking high returns or safety.

Hot Waitress Economic Index

Informal theory linking attractive service staff to economic downturns, largely anecdotal.

Hot Wallet

A cryptocurrency wallet connected to the internet, vulnerable but accessible for trading.

Hotelling's Theory

A model explaining resource extraction timing, impacting commodity investments.

House Call

A broker’s demand for additional margin when an account falls below requirements.

House Maintenance Requirement

A brokerage’s minimum margin for maintaining leveraged positions.

House Money Effect

Riskier investing after gains, treating profits as “free” money.

House Poor

Spending excessively on housing, leaving little for other financial needs.

House Price Index (HPI)

A measure tracking home price changes, used in real estate and economic analysis.

Household Employee

Workers like nannies or cleaners, with specific tax and payroll rules.

Household Expenses

Costs for maintaining a household, like utilities or rent, impacting budgets.

Household Income

Total income of a household, used for tax or loan eligibility.

Housing and Economic Recovery Act (HERA)

2008 U.S. law stabilizing housing markets and reforming GSEs like Fannie Mae.

Housing Authority Bond

Bonds issued by local agencies to fund affordable housing, often tax-exempt.

Housing Bonds

Debt instruments financing housing projects, typically low-risk municipal bonds.

Housing Bubble

Rapid, unsustainable home price increases, often leading to market crashes.

Housing Expense Ratio

Housing costs divided by income, used in mortgage affordability assessments.

Housing Market Index

A survey-based index of homebuilder confidence, signaling housing trends.

Housing Starts

The number of new residential construction projects, indicating economic health.

Housing Unit

A single residential dwelling, like a house or apartment, tracked in housing data.

Howey Test

A U.S. legal test determining if an investment qualifies as a security under SEC rules.

HSA Custodian

A financial institution managing Health Savings Accounts, ensuring compliance.

Hub and Spoke Structure

A fund structure with a central “hub” and feeder “spoke” funds, optimizing management.

Hubbert Curve

A model predicting peak oil production, influencing energy investments.

Hubbert's Peak Theory

Theory that oil production peaks then declines, impacting commodity markets.

Hubris

Overconfidence in financial decisions, often leading to poor outcomes.

HUD-1 Form

A settlement statement for real estate closings, detailing costs and fees.

HUF (Hungarian Forint)

Hungary’s currency, used in its financial markets and forex trading.

Hulbert Rating

A performance rating for investment newsletters, assessing predictive accuracy.

Hull-White Model

A model pricing interest rate derivatives, accounting for mean-reverting rates.

Human Capital

The economic value of skills and knowledge, critical for labor markets.

Human Development Index (HDI)

A UN metric of life expectancy, education, and income, guiding investment in developing nations.

Human-Life Approach

Valuing life insurance based on future earnings, used in financial planning.

Human Resource Planning (HRP)

Forecasting workforce needs to align with financial and strategic goals.

Human Resources (HR)

Managing employee hiring, benefits, and compliance, impacting financial costs.

Humped Yield Curve

A yield curve with higher middle-term rates, signaling economic uncertainty.

Hundredweight (Cwt)

A unit of 100 pounds, used in commodity pricing, like agriculture or metals.

Hung Convertibles

Convertible bonds failing to attract buyers, often due to unfavorable terms.

Hurdle Rate

The minimum return required for an investment or project to proceed.

Hurricane Deductible

A higher deductible for hurricane damage, common in coastal insurance policies.

Hybrid Annuity

An annuity combining fixed and variable features, balancing risk and return.

Hybrid ARM

An adjustable-rate mortgage with an initial fixed period, then variable rates.

Hybrid Fund

A fund blending asset classes, like stocks and bonds, for diversification.

Hybrid Security

A financial instrument combining debt and equity features, like convertible bonds.

Hydraulic Fracturing

Extracting oil/gas via high-pressure fluids, impacting energy investments.

Hydrocarbon

Organic compounds like oil or gas, central to energy markets.

Hyperdeflation

An extreme, rapid decline in prices, severely disrupting economic activity.

Hyperinflation

Extremely high inflation, eroding currency value, like in Zimbabwe 2008.

Hyperledger

An open-source blockchain framework for enterprise financial applications.

Hyperledger Burrow

A Hyperledger module for Ethereum-compatible smart contracts.

Hyperledger Composer

A deprecated Hyperledger tool for building blockchain applications.

Hyperledger Explorer

A tool for browsing and analyzing Hyperledger blockchain data.

Hyperledger Fabric

A modular Hyperledger platform for private, permissioned blockchains in finance.

Hyperledger Iroha

A Hyperledger blockchain for simple, scalable financial applications.

Hyperledger Sawtooth

A Hyperledger blockchain for flexible, enterprise-grade financial solutions.

Hypermarket

A large retail store combining groceries and goods, impacting consumer spending.

HyperText Markup Language (HTML)

Coding language for financial websites or trading platforms.

Hypothecation

Pledging assets as collateral for a loan without transferring ownership.

Hypothesis Testing

Statistical method to validate financial assumptions, like return predictions.

Hysteresis

Economic effects persisting after their cause ends, like prolonged unemployment.